The Research Associate argues that most citizens support ambitious climate measures, with opposition largely reflecting political dynamics and concerns over fairness.
In a feature interview published in Le Monde, Théodore Tallent, Research Associate at the Centre for Sustainability and PhD researcher at Sciences Po, examines the current state of climate politics in France. Drawing on his research combining large-scale surveys and qualitative fieldwork, he argues that recent claims of a public “green backlash” are largely misguided. “There has never been strictly speaking a green backlash from citizens, either in France or elsewhere in Europe”, he argues. Instead, what we observe is largely a political backlash, led by right-wing parties and interest groups, seeking to roll back environmental measures. Contrary to political discourse, Tallent explains that most citizens continue to support ambitious climate action – provided it is implemented fairly and with adequate support.
Tallent points to recent policy retreats such as the rollback of low-emission zones and the controversial Duplomb law (on agricultural practices), which sparked one of the largest petitions in French history. He explains that opposition to certain policies does not mean rejection of climate action overall. While some climate policies have triggered discontent, these reactions are less about the environmental goals themselves and more about the perceived unfairness, lack of alternatives, or symbolic disconnect between citizens and elites. Opposition can hence emerge vis-à-vis certain climate policies but the powerful green backlash we observe in France and across Europe must be understood for what it is: a political effort led by certain actors.
Tallent’s remarks reflect key findings from his broader research on climate policy support and resistance across Europe. He underscores the importance of designing climate measures that are territorially adapted, socially just, and politically coherent. Compensation mechanisms for those most affected, meaningful citizen participation, and visible commitment from political and economic elites (see his latest working paper on the issue) are all essential to making climate policies both legitimate and effective. As the Le Monde piece highlights, climate action is not doomed by public reluctance – but it does require planning, equity, and leadership.
The full article is available here (in French).
The Hertie School is not responsible for any content linked or referred to from these pages. Views expressed by the author/interviewee may not necessarily reflect the views and values of the Hertie School.
More about our expert
- Théodore Tallent, Research Associate